學(xué)歷教育 - 英語考試
There is an abundant supply of salt in the market.
A: steady
B: plentiful
C: extra
D: stable
A: steady
B: plentiful
C: extra
D: stable
本題答案：
B解析：句意：市場(chǎng)上有充足的食鹽供給。plentiful意為“充足的、足夠的”; steady意為“穩(wěn)定的、不變的”; extra意為“額外的、另加的”; stable意為“持久的、穩(wěn)定的”。
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B解析：句意：市場(chǎng)上有充足的食鹽供給。plentiful意為“充足的、足夠的”; steady意為“穩(wěn)定的、不變的”; extra意為“額外的、另加的”; stable意為“持久的、穩(wěn)定的”。
共用題干
第三篇
Recycling Around the World
Recycling is one of the best environmental success stories of the late 20th century.But we could do more.People must not see recycling as fashionable,but essential.
The Japanese are very good at recycling because they live in a crowded country. They do not have much space.They do not want to share their limited space with rubbish.But even so,Tokyo area alone is estimated to have three million tons of leftover rubbish at present.
In 1996, the United States recycled and composted（制成肥料）57 million tons of waste (27%of the nation's solid waste).This is 57 million tons of waste which did not go into landfills and incinerators（焚化爐）.In doing this,7,000 rubbish collection programs and recycling centers helped the authorities.
In Rockford,a city in Illinois,U.S.,its officials choose one house each week and check its garbage（廢物）.If the garbage does not contain an newspapers or aluminum（鋁）cans,then the resident of the house gets a prize of at least$1,000.
In Japan,certain cities give children weekly supplies of tissue paper and toilet paper in exchange for a weekly collection of newspapers.
In one year Britain recycles:
——1 out of every 3 newspapers.
——1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars（罐子）.
——1 out of every 4 items of clothing.
——1 out of every 3 aluminum drink cans.
In 1999,Hong Kong transported 1.3 million tons of waste to mainland China for recycling. Around 535,000 tons of waste was recycled in Hong Kong itself.
Over half the things we throw away could be recycled.That means we could recycle 10 times as much as we do now.
However,recycling needs a lot of organization and special equipment. Also,there is not much use for some recycled material.
Which of the following is NOT true of Britain?
A:It recycles 1 out of every 3 newspapers each year.
B:It recycles 1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars each year.
C:It recycles 1 out of every 4 items of clothing each year.
D:It recycles 1 out of every 3 aluminum cans each year.
第三篇
Recycling Around the World
Recycling is one of the best environmental success stories of the late 20th century.But we could do more.People must not see recycling as fashionable,but essential.
The Japanese are very good at recycling because they live in a crowded country. They do not have much space.They do not want to share their limited space with rubbish.But even so,Tokyo area alone is estimated to have three million tons of leftover rubbish at present.
In 1996, the United States recycled and composted（制成肥料）57 million tons of waste (27%of the nation's solid waste).This is 57 million tons of waste which did not go into landfills and incinerators（焚化爐）.In doing this,7,000 rubbish collection programs and recycling centers helped the authorities.
In Rockford,a city in Illinois,U.S.,its officials choose one house each week and check its garbage（廢物）.If the garbage does not contain an newspapers or aluminum（鋁）cans,then the resident of the house gets a prize of at least$1,000.
In Japan,certain cities give children weekly supplies of tissue paper and toilet paper in exchange for a weekly collection of newspapers.
In one year Britain recycles:
——1 out of every 3 newspapers.
——1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars（罐子）.
——1 out of every 4 items of clothing.
——1 out of every 3 aluminum drink cans.
In 1999,Hong Kong transported 1.3 million tons of waste to mainland China for recycling. Around 535,000 tons of waste was recycled in Hong Kong itself.
Over half the things we throw away could be recycled.That means we could recycle 10 times as much as we do now.
However,recycling needs a lot of organization and special equipment. Also,there is not much use for some recycled material.
Which of the following is NOT true of Britain?
A:It recycles 1 out of every 3 newspapers each year.
B:It recycles 1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars each year.
C:It recycles 1 out of every 4 items of clothing each year.
D:It recycles 1 out of every 3 aluminum cans each year.
本題答案：
D解析：句子意思是“下面關(guān)于日本的哪一個(gè)描述是錯(cuò)誤的”。答案是A項(xiàng)：他們回收了所有的垃圾。這個(gè)從常識(shí)上就是不可能的，而且文中提及：But even so, Tokyo area a-lone is estimated to have three million tons of leftover rubbish at present.
句子意思是“在1996年，美國(guó)回收了多少垃圾”。答案是5 700萬噸。文中提及：In 1996, the United States recycled and composted（制成肥料）57 million tons of waste.
句子意思是“人們?cè)谀睦锟梢砸驗(yàn)閷?duì)垃圾回收做貢獻(xiàn)而獲得大獎(jiǎng)”。答案是羅克福德。文中提及：In Rockford, a city in Illinois, US, its officials choose one house each week and check its garbage.If the garbage does not contain an newspapers or aluminum cans,then the resident of the house gets a prize of at least$1,000.
句子意思是“在日本，由孩子收集的報(bào)紙會(huì)……”文中提及：In Japan, certain cities give children weekly supplies of tissue paper and toilet paper in exchange for a weekly collection of newspapers.
句子意思是“關(guān)于英國(guó)的哪個(gè)描述是錯(cuò)誤的”。這個(gè)比較容易，可以從文中的關(guān)于英國(guó)的列表中獲得。In one year Britain recycles:——1 out of every 3 newspapers.——1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars（罐子）.——1 out of every 4 items of clothing.——1 out of every 3 aluminum drink cans.注意，選項(xiàng)D中少了一個(gè)drink，故錯(cuò)誤。
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D解析：句子意思是“下面關(guān)于日本的哪一個(gè)描述是錯(cuò)誤的”。答案是A項(xiàng)：他們回收了所有的垃圾。這個(gè)從常識(shí)上就是不可能的，而且文中提及：But even so, Tokyo area a-lone is estimated to have three million tons of leftover rubbish at present.
句子意思是“在1996年，美國(guó)回收了多少垃圾”。答案是5 700萬噸。文中提及：In 1996, the United States recycled and composted（制成肥料）57 million tons of waste.
句子意思是“人們?cè)谀睦锟梢砸驗(yàn)閷?duì)垃圾回收做貢獻(xiàn)而獲得大獎(jiǎng)”。答案是羅克福德。文中提及：In Rockford, a city in Illinois, US, its officials choose one house each week and check its garbage.If the garbage does not contain an newspapers or aluminum cans,then the resident of the house gets a prize of at least$1,000.
句子意思是“在日本，由孩子收集的報(bào)紙會(huì)……”文中提及：In Japan, certain cities give children weekly supplies of tissue paper and toilet paper in exchange for a weekly collection of newspapers.
句子意思是“關(guān)于英國(guó)的哪個(gè)描述是錯(cuò)誤的”。這個(gè)比較容易，可以從文中的關(guān)于英國(guó)的列表中獲得。In one year Britain recycles:——1 out of every 3 newspapers.——1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars（罐子）.——1 out of every 4 items of clothing.——1 out of every 3 aluminum drink cans.注意，選項(xiàng)D中少了一個(gè)drink，故錯(cuò)誤。
共用題干
The Impact of Antarctic Ozone Hole
The Antarctic ozone（臭氧）hole is changing weather patterns across the Southern Hemisphere （半球）,even affecting the tropics,scientists have concluded. The scientists______(51)the new study added the ozone hole into standard climate models to_______(52)how it might have affected winds and rains. They say rainfall has moved further south towards the pole and the effect has been_______(53)strong over Australia.
And of_______(54)interest was the southward of the Southern Hemisphere jet stream. These high一altitude winds are_______(55)to determining weather patterns,in both hemispheres. Much of the cold weather felt in the UK_______(56)the last couple of winters,for example,was caused by blocking of the Northern Hemisphere stream.
The team found that overall,the ozone hole has_______(57)in rainfall moving south along with the winds._______(58)there are regional differences,particularly concerning Australia. In terms of the average for that zone,the ozone hole_______(59)about a 10% change一but for Australia,it's about 35%.
Their modeling indicated that global warming_______(60)greenhouse gas emissions is also a factor in changing rainfall patterns.
Natural climate cycles are also thought to be important here,as different rainfall patterns were _______(61)in the era before ozone depletion（消耗）and late 20th Century warming.
Although the_______(62)international organization has significantly checked emissions of harmful substances,they_______(63)for decades in the atmosphere,and so their effects are still being felt.Earlier,and international organization forecast that even the Antarctic ozone hole一which is more severe than its_______(64)in the Northern Hemisphere一should be_______(65)by 2045—2060.
_________(58)
A:So
B:But
C:Since
D:And
The Impact of Antarctic Ozone Hole
The Antarctic ozone（臭氧）hole is changing weather patterns across the Southern Hemisphere （半球）,even affecting the tropics,scientists have concluded. The scientists______(51)the new study added the ozone hole into standard climate models to_______(52)how it might have affected winds and rains. They say rainfall has moved further south towards the pole and the effect has been_______(53)strong over Australia.
And of_______(54)interest was the southward of the Southern Hemisphere jet stream. These high一altitude winds are_______(55)to determining weather patterns,in both hemispheres. Much of the cold weather felt in the UK_______(56)the last couple of winters,for example,was caused by blocking of the Northern Hemisphere stream.
The team found that overall,the ozone hole has_______(57)in rainfall moving south along with the winds._______(58)there are regional differences,particularly concerning Australia. In terms of the average for that zone,the ozone hole_______(59)about a 10% change一but for Australia,it's about 35%.
Their modeling indicated that global warming_______(60)greenhouse gas emissions is also a factor in changing rainfall patterns.
Natural climate cycles are also thought to be important here,as different rainfall patterns were _______(61)in the era before ozone depletion（消耗）and late 20th Century warming.
Although the_______(62)international organization has significantly checked emissions of harmful substances,they_______(63)for decades in the atmosphere,and so their effects are still being felt.Earlier,and international organization forecast that even the Antarctic ozone hole一which is more severe than its_______(64)in the Northern Hemisphere一should be_______(65)by 2045—2060.
_________(58)
A:So
B:But
C:Since
D:And
本題答案：
B解析：本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解。本空所在句中，科學(xué)家和研究應(yīng)該是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但這里又不需要一個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，而需要名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作本句的主語，指“從事參與研究的科學(xué)家”。因此需要一個(gè)介詞，既能表達(dá)參與的意思，又能確保這個(gè)短語為名詞短語。只有behind符合，behind在此處意思是“在……背后，為……負(fù)責(zé)”。因此本題的正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是B。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和對(duì)動(dòng)詞的辮析。這句話的意思是：參與此項(xiàng)新研究的科學(xué)家們把臭氧層加入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化氣候模型，以研究其如何影響風(fēng)和雨的格局。本空前是to，后是how，根據(jù)上下文可以推斷，這里是用不定式表達(dá)科學(xué)家所做的事情的目的，所以正確答案是選項(xiàng)C investigate調(diào)查。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A inspect監(jiān)視；選項(xiàng)B scan掃描；選項(xiàng)D supervise監(jiān)管。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和對(duì)副詞的辨析。這句話的意思是：科學(xué)家稱降雨已向南極進(jìn)一步移動(dòng)，對(duì)澳大利亞的影響尤為強(qiáng)烈。這篇文章主要是關(guān)于南極臭氧層空洞的影響，作者提到具體影響的地點(diǎn)就應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)其影響之大，所以正確答案是選項(xiàng)A remarkably非常地。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)B preferably更可取地、更好地；選項(xiàng)C indispensably不可缺少地、絕對(duì)必要地；選項(xiàng)D plausibly似真地。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和介詞短語固定搭配。這句話的意思是：科學(xué)家們尤為感興趣的是南半球急流的南移。選A的依據(jù)是第一段最后一句：科學(xué)家稱降雨已向南極進(jìn)一步移動(dòng)，所以第二段第一句所講的interest應(yīng)該是指科學(xué)家的興趣，而此句后文證明本段講的是科學(xué)家研究的更具體的內(nèi)容，即南極臭氧空洞對(duì)于南半球急流的影響?？涨笆墙樵~of，空后是名詞interest, of particular interest的意思是尤其使人感興趣的，符合上下文的需要，選項(xiàng)A particular特別的，是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)B special特別的，但不適用于of…interest這一短語；選項(xiàng)C especial特別的，但也不能和of以及interest組成固定搭配；選項(xiàng)D specific具體的。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和形容詞短語。這句話的意思是：這些高空風(fēng)是決定南北半球氣候模式的關(guān)鍵。選B的依據(jù)是本空的前面提到了風(fēng)，后面提到了氣候模式，常識(shí)告訴我們風(fēng)影響甚至決定氣候模式；又由于本空前是系動(dòng)詞are，本空后to后面跟的是動(dòng)名詞determining，而只有選項(xiàng)B key關(guān)鍵，能和前后詞構(gòu)成符合上下文需要的短語be key to是……的關(guān)鍵。所以選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)與to搭配后的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A be beneficial to對(duì)……有益；選項(xiàng)C be necessary to對(duì)……而言必要；選項(xiàng)D be vital to對(duì)……至關(guān)重要。而這三個(gè)形容詞后面的to都是不定式標(biāo)志，其后要跟動(dòng)詞原形。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和介詞辮析。空后提到：the last couple of winters過去的幾個(gè)冬天，是表示時(shí)間的名詞短語。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有選項(xiàng)C能表示在……期間，所以選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A around大約（在）；選項(xiàng)B along沿著；選項(xiàng)D across橫跨。這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不和時(shí)間連用，或者不強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間跨度，不符合上下文需要。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和動(dòng)詞辮析。這句話的意思是：這個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，臭氧層空洞總體上導(dǎo)致了降雨隨風(fēng)向南移動(dòng)。文章主題是臭氧層空洞會(huì)改變氣候，而 rainfall屬于氣候范疇，由此可判斷此處具體講臭氧層空洞對(duì)降雨的影響。result in導(dǎo)致，符合上下文要求，所以選項(xiàng)A resulted是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)與in搭配的動(dòng)詞原形意思分別是：選項(xiàng)B draw in到達(dá)、變短；選項(xiàng)C bring in產(chǎn)生；選項(xiàng)D drop in順便拜訪。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和語義邏輯。這句話的意思是：但是存在著地區(qū)差異，尤其在澳大利亞上空。上一句講整體上的（overall）情況而本句說到“有地區(qū)差異 ( regional differences)"，兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)B But的意思是但是，所以選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和動(dòng)詞辮析。該句是上一句的例證，上一句說臭氧層空洞對(duì)降雨的影響有地區(qū)差異，所以此處是要表示“影響”的詞，符合的只有選項(xiàng)A drive change推動(dòng)變化，且文章主題（臭氧層空洞會(huì)改變氣候模式）也是提示。所以選項(xiàng)A是正確答案。選項(xiàng)B attract吸引；選項(xiàng)C motivate激發(fā)、誘發(fā)；選項(xiàng)D include包括。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和介詞短語辮析。這句話的意思是：他們的模型表明，由溫室氣體排放所導(dǎo)致的全球變暖也是改變降雨格局的一個(gè)因素。greenhouse gas emissions"溫室氣體排放”是導(dǎo)致global warming“全球變暖”的原因，選項(xiàng)A due to的意思是由于，所以A是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思是：選項(xiàng)B along with和……一道；選項(xiàng)C as for至于；選項(xiàng)D instead of而不是。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解。這句話的意思是：自然氣候周期也是一個(gè)很重要的因素，因?yàn)樵诔粞跸暮?0世紀(jì)末期全球變暖之前就發(fā)現(xiàn)有不同的降雨格局。選B的依據(jù)是：此處是被動(dòng)句，表示“不同的降雨格局在……之前已經(jīng)被‘留意到、觀察到”,，因此選項(xiàng)B noted符合文意。此處為過去的客觀事實(shí)，因此選項(xiàng)A predicted“預(yù)言、預(yù)測(cè)”不符合；選項(xiàng) C occured“發(fā)生、出現(xiàn)、存在”語義符合，但它一般直接用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；選項(xiàng)D descend“下降、下來”不符合題意。所以選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和形容詞辮析。這句話的意思是：雖然相關(guān)國(guó)際組織已經(jīng)明顯控制了有害氣體的排放量，但這些有害氣體還會(huì)在大氣中留存幾十年，因此它們的影響仍然存在。此處需修飾international organization的詞，只有選項(xiàng)D corresponding相應(yīng)的，符合題意，表示“相應(yīng)的國(guó)際組織”。所以選項(xiàng)D是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思是：選項(xiàng)A popular流行的；選項(xiàng)B controversial有爭(zhēng)議的；選項(xiàng)C distinctive獨(dú)特的。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和動(dòng)詞辮析。選D的依據(jù)是：本空后的so表明該句是下句的原因，下句說有害氣體的影響還存在，由此可推斷這些物質(zhì)幾十年來還留存在大氣中，所以選項(xiàng)D endure是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A flash閃爍；選項(xiàng)B fluctuate波動(dòng)；選項(xiàng)C suffer遭受、遭殃。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和名詞辮析。本句的意思是：早前，一個(gè)國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)預(yù)測(cè)：比北極臭氧層空洞更嚴(yán)重的南極臭氧層空洞將在2045年到2060年得到修復(fù)。more than說明是比較，此處把Antarctic ozone hole與在Northern Hemisphere的同類事物作比較，南北極的臭氧空洞屬于對(duì)等物，所以選項(xiàng)C equivalent對(duì)等物、相等物是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A illusion幻覺、錯(cuò)覺；選項(xiàng)B image形象；選項(xiàng)D extension延長(zhǎng)部分。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和動(dòng)詞辮析。選擇D的依據(jù)是：此空所填動(dòng)詞的賓語是the Antarctic ozone hole“南極臭氧層空洞”，可以接此賓語的只有選項(xiàng)D repaired修復(fù)。選項(xiàng)A repeated重復(fù)；選項(xiàng)B reproduced繁殖、復(fù)制；選項(xiàng)C replaced代替。
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B解析：本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解。本空所在句中，科學(xué)家和研究應(yīng)該是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但這里又不需要一個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，而需要名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作本句的主語，指“從事參與研究的科學(xué)家”。因此需要一個(gè)介詞，既能表達(dá)參與的意思，又能確保這個(gè)短語為名詞短語。只有behind符合，behind在此處意思是“在……背后，為……負(fù)責(zé)”。因此本題的正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是B。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和對(duì)動(dòng)詞的辮析。這句話的意思是：參與此項(xiàng)新研究的科學(xué)家們把臭氧層加入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化氣候模型，以研究其如何影響風(fēng)和雨的格局。本空前是to，后是how，根據(jù)上下文可以推斷，這里是用不定式表達(dá)科學(xué)家所做的事情的目的，所以正確答案是選項(xiàng)C investigate調(diào)查。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A inspect監(jiān)視；選項(xiàng)B scan掃描；選項(xiàng)D supervise監(jiān)管。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和對(duì)副詞的辨析。這句話的意思是：科學(xué)家稱降雨已向南極進(jìn)一步移動(dòng)，對(duì)澳大利亞的影響尤為強(qiáng)烈。這篇文章主要是關(guān)于南極臭氧層空洞的影響，作者提到具體影響的地點(diǎn)就應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)其影響之大，所以正確答案是選項(xiàng)A remarkably非常地。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)B preferably更可取地、更好地；選項(xiàng)C indispensably不可缺少地、絕對(duì)必要地；選項(xiàng)D plausibly似真地。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和介詞短語固定搭配。這句話的意思是：科學(xué)家們尤為感興趣的是南半球急流的南移。選A的依據(jù)是第一段最后一句：科學(xué)家稱降雨已向南極進(jìn)一步移動(dòng)，所以第二段第一句所講的interest應(yīng)該是指科學(xué)家的興趣，而此句后文證明本段講的是科學(xué)家研究的更具體的內(nèi)容，即南極臭氧空洞對(duì)于南半球急流的影響?？涨笆墙樵~of，空后是名詞interest, of particular interest的意思是尤其使人感興趣的，符合上下文的需要，選項(xiàng)A particular特別的，是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)B special特別的，但不適用于of…interest這一短語；選項(xiàng)C especial特別的，但也不能和of以及interest組成固定搭配；選項(xiàng)D specific具體的。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和形容詞短語。這句話的意思是：這些高空風(fēng)是決定南北半球氣候模式的關(guān)鍵。選B的依據(jù)是本空的前面提到了風(fēng)，后面提到了氣候模式，常識(shí)告訴我們風(fēng)影響甚至決定氣候模式；又由于本空前是系動(dòng)詞are，本空后to后面跟的是動(dòng)名詞determining，而只有選項(xiàng)B key關(guān)鍵，能和前后詞構(gòu)成符合上下文需要的短語be key to是……的關(guān)鍵。所以選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)與to搭配后的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A be beneficial to對(duì)……有益；選項(xiàng)C be necessary to對(duì)……而言必要；選項(xiàng)D be vital to對(duì)……至關(guān)重要。而這三個(gè)形容詞后面的to都是不定式標(biāo)志，其后要跟動(dòng)詞原形。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和介詞辮析。空后提到：the last couple of winters過去的幾個(gè)冬天，是表示時(shí)間的名詞短語。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有選項(xiàng)C能表示在……期間，所以選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A around大約（在）；選項(xiàng)B along沿著；選項(xiàng)D across橫跨。這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不和時(shí)間連用，或者不強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間跨度，不符合上下文需要。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和動(dòng)詞辮析。這句話的意思是：這個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，臭氧層空洞總體上導(dǎo)致了降雨隨風(fēng)向南移動(dòng)。文章主題是臭氧層空洞會(huì)改變氣候，而 rainfall屬于氣候范疇，由此可判斷此處具體講臭氧層空洞對(duì)降雨的影響。result in導(dǎo)致，符合上下文要求，所以選項(xiàng)A resulted是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)與in搭配的動(dòng)詞原形意思分別是：選項(xiàng)B draw in到達(dá)、變短；選項(xiàng)C bring in產(chǎn)生；選項(xiàng)D drop in順便拜訪。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和語義邏輯。這句話的意思是：但是存在著地區(qū)差異，尤其在澳大利亞上空。上一句講整體上的（overall）情況而本句說到“有地區(qū)差異 ( regional differences)"，兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)B But的意思是但是，所以選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和動(dòng)詞辮析。該句是上一句的例證，上一句說臭氧層空洞對(duì)降雨的影響有地區(qū)差異，所以此處是要表示“影響”的詞，符合的只有選項(xiàng)A drive change推動(dòng)變化，且文章主題（臭氧層空洞會(huì)改變氣候模式）也是提示。所以選項(xiàng)A是正確答案。選項(xiàng)B attract吸引；選項(xiàng)C motivate激發(fā)、誘發(fā)；選項(xiàng)D include包括。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和介詞短語辮析。這句話的意思是：他們的模型表明，由溫室氣體排放所導(dǎo)致的全球變暖也是改變降雨格局的一個(gè)因素。greenhouse gas emissions"溫室氣體排放”是導(dǎo)致global warming“全球變暖”的原因，選項(xiàng)A due to的意思是由于，所以A是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思是：選項(xiàng)B along with和……一道；選項(xiàng)C as for至于；選項(xiàng)D instead of而不是。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解。這句話的意思是：自然氣候周期也是一個(gè)很重要的因素，因?yàn)樵诔粞跸暮?0世紀(jì)末期全球變暖之前就發(fā)現(xiàn)有不同的降雨格局。選B的依據(jù)是：此處是被動(dòng)句，表示“不同的降雨格局在……之前已經(jīng)被‘留意到、觀察到”,，因此選項(xiàng)B noted符合文意。此處為過去的客觀事實(shí)，因此選項(xiàng)A predicted“預(yù)言、預(yù)測(cè)”不符合；選項(xiàng) C occured“發(fā)生、出現(xiàn)、存在”語義符合，但它一般直接用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；選項(xiàng)D descend“下降、下來”不符合題意。所以選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和形容詞辮析。這句話的意思是：雖然相關(guān)國(guó)際組織已經(jīng)明顯控制了有害氣體的排放量，但這些有害氣體還會(huì)在大氣中留存幾十年，因此它們的影響仍然存在。此處需修飾international organization的詞，只有選項(xiàng)D corresponding相應(yīng)的，符合題意，表示“相應(yīng)的國(guó)際組織”。所以選項(xiàng)D是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思是：選項(xiàng)A popular流行的；選項(xiàng)B controversial有爭(zhēng)議的；選項(xiàng)C distinctive獨(dú)特的。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和動(dòng)詞辮析。選D的依據(jù)是：本空后的so表明該句是下句的原因，下句說有害氣體的影響還存在，由此可推斷這些物質(zhì)幾十年來還留存在大氣中，所以選項(xiàng)D endure是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A flash閃爍；選項(xiàng)B fluctuate波動(dòng)；選項(xiàng)C suffer遭受、遭殃。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和名詞辮析。本句的意思是：早前，一個(gè)國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)預(yù)測(cè)：比北極臭氧層空洞更嚴(yán)重的南極臭氧層空洞將在2045年到2060年得到修復(fù)。more than說明是比較，此處把Antarctic ozone hole與在Northern Hemisphere的同類事物作比較，南北極的臭氧空洞屬于對(duì)等物，所以選項(xiàng)C equivalent對(duì)等物、相等物是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A illusion幻覺、錯(cuò)覺；選項(xiàng)B image形象；選項(xiàng)D extension延長(zhǎng)部分。
本題考查對(duì)上下文的理解和動(dòng)詞辮析。選擇D的依據(jù)是：此空所填動(dòng)詞的賓語是the Antarctic ozone hole“南極臭氧層空洞”，可以接此賓語的只有選項(xiàng)D repaired修復(fù)。選項(xiàng)A repeated重復(fù)；選項(xiàng)B reproduced繁殖、復(fù)制；選項(xiàng)C replaced代替。
共用題干
Travel Across Africa
For six hours we shot through the barren（荒蕪的）landscape of the Karoo desert in
South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending,Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth,a beautiful leather notebook I'd bought in a market in Mozambique.
Southern Africa was full of stories and visions.We were almost drunk on sensations,the roaring（咆哮）of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana.
And then the other things:dogs in the streets,whole families in Soweto living in one room,a kilometre from clean water.
As we drove towards the setting sun,a quietness fell over us. The road was empty一we hadn't seen another car for hours.And as I drove,something caught my eye,something moving close enough to touch them,to smell their hot breath. I didn't know how long they had been there next to us.
I shouted to Dan:“Look!”But he was in a deep sleep,his camera lying useless by his feet. They raced the car for a few seconds,then disappeared far behind us,a memory of he- roic forms in the red landscape.
When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.
”Wild horses?”he said.”Why didn't you wake me up,Sophia?”
”I tried. But they were gone after a few seconds.”
”Are you sure you didn't dream it?”
”You were the one who was sleeping!”
”Typical”,he said.”The best photos are the ones we never take.”
We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.
The horses didn't come near the car.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
Travel Across Africa
For six hours we shot through the barren（荒蕪的）landscape of the Karoo desert in
South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending,Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth,a beautiful leather notebook I'd bought in a market in Mozambique.
Southern Africa was full of stories and visions.We were almost drunk on sensations,the roaring（咆哮）of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana.
And then the other things:dogs in the streets,whole families in Soweto living in one room,a kilometre from clean water.
As we drove towards the setting sun,a quietness fell over us. The road was empty一we hadn't seen another car for hours.And as I drove,something caught my eye,something moving close enough to touch them,to smell their hot breath. I didn't know how long they had been there next to us.
I shouted to Dan:“Look!”But he was in a deep sleep,his camera lying useless by his feet. They raced the car for a few seconds,then disappeared far behind us,a memory of he- roic forms in the red landscape.
When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.
”Wild horses?”he said.”Why didn't you wake me up,Sophia?”
”I tried. But they were gone after a few seconds.”
”Are you sure you didn't dream it?”
”You were the one who was sleeping!”
”Typical”,he said.”The best photos are the ones we never take.”
We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.
The horses didn't come near the car.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
本題答案：
B解析：題干意為“丹尼爾和索非亞開車慢慢地穿越熱鬧的沙漠”。利用題干中的名詞 及名詞短語 Daniel,Sophia,busy desert作為定位線索，在第一段找到相關(guān)句：For six hours we （指Daniel和Sophia) shot through the barren (荒蕪的）landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa，該句意為“我們疾速行駛了6個(gè)小時(shí)穿越荒蕪的南非卡魯沙漠”。短文中提到的是“疾速行駛”而不是題干中的“慢慢開車”，短文中提到“荒蕪的南非卡魯沙漠”而不是題干中的“熱鬧的沙漠”，顯然題干與短文陳述信息不一致。所以答案為B。該題涉及典型陷阱：偷梁換柱（用不一致的細(xì)節(jié)信息替換短文中原有的信息）。
題干意為“索非亞在筆記本中寫下了她的經(jīng)歷”。利用題干中的名詞Sophia, experiences, notebooks作為定位線索，在第一段找到相關(guān)句：Knowing our journey was ending,Daniel and I（指Sophia)just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I（指Sophia)used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth，相關(guān)句提到“為了記住我們所看見的一切和我們所做的一切，我（索非亞）用文字進(jìn)行記錄，而且已經(jīng)寫完了第三本筆記本，將開始寫第四本”。由此可見題干陳述的意思與短文 相關(guān)內(nèi)容一致。所以答案為A。
題干意為“丹尼爾拍了些尼羅河的照片”。利用題干中的名詞及名詞短語 Daniel , photos , the Nile Rive作為定位線索，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)“尼羅河”一詞在短文中根本沒有出現(xiàn)，因此“尼羅河”是短文中沒有提及的信息。而且短文只在第一段提到丹尼爾用照相機(jī)記錄他在 非洲的所見所聞，沒有具體提到他用相機(jī)拍攝了什么，因此丹尼爾是否用相機(jī)拍攝了尼羅河的 照片是短文中未提及的信息。所以答案為C。
題干意為“丹尼爾和索非亞看到了很多精彩的東西”。利用題干中的名 詞及名詞短語Daniel, Sophia, a lot of wonderful things作為定位線索，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)第二段和第三段主要講述他們?cè)诜侵蘅吹搅撕芏嗑实臇|西（咆哮的維多利亞瀑布等）。因此題干陳述的意義與短文中的相關(guān)意義一致。所以答案為A。題干其實(shí)就是對(duì)短文中相關(guān) 內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)。 提示：有的題干句是一個(gè)概括句，是對(duì)短文中相關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)。
題干意為“在駕車途中，丹尼爾和索非亞看到了野馬”。利用題干中的名詞 及名詞短語Daniel, Sophia, wild horses作為定位線索，這樣找到相關(guān)句：When Daniel wokeup an hour later I（指Sophia)told him what had happened.”Wild horses?”he said.”Why didn't you wake me up,Sophia?”，相關(guān)句提到“一個(gè)小時(shí)后當(dāng)?shù)つ釥栃堰^來的時(shí)候我告訴了他所發(fā)生的事情。他說‘野馬？你為什么沒有叫醒我呢？”，這表明丹尼爾沒有看到野馬，因此題干陳述的信息與短文相關(guān)信息不一致。所以答案為B。
題干意為“那些馬沒有靠近汽車”。利用題干中的名詞horses, car作為定位 線索，這樣找到相關(guān)句：And as I drove（與car呼應(yīng)）,something caught my eye, something moving close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath（與horses呼應(yīng)），相關(guān)句意為 “在我開車的途中，有什么東西引起了我的注意，這個(gè)東西離我們很近，以至于我都能感受到它們（野馬）呼出的熱氣”。由此可見那些野馬曾經(jīng)靠近過索非亞駕駛的汽車，因此題干陳述的意義與短文中的相關(guān)內(nèi)容不一致。所以答案為B。
題干意為“索非亞喚醒了丹尼爾以便他能拍下那些野馬的照片”。在解答第五題時(shí)曾經(jīng)了解到這樣的信息：一個(gè)小時(shí)后當(dāng)?shù)つ釥栃堰^來的時(shí)候我（索非亞）告訴了他所發(fā)生的事情。這說明丹尼爾是自己醒過來的，而不是被索非亞叫醒的?？梢婎}干陳述的信息與短文中的相關(guān)信息不一致。所以答案為B。
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B解析：題干意為“丹尼爾和索非亞開車慢慢地穿越熱鬧的沙漠”。利用題干中的名詞 及名詞短語 Daniel,Sophia,busy desert作為定位線索，在第一段找到相關(guān)句：For six hours we （指Daniel和Sophia) shot through the barren (荒蕪的）landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa，該句意為“我們疾速行駛了6個(gè)小時(shí)穿越荒蕪的南非卡魯沙漠”。短文中提到的是“疾速行駛”而不是題干中的“慢慢開車”，短文中提到“荒蕪的南非卡魯沙漠”而不是題干中的“熱鬧的沙漠”，顯然題干與短文陳述信息不一致。所以答案為B。該題涉及典型陷阱：偷梁換柱（用不一致的細(xì)節(jié)信息替換短文中原有的信息）。
題干意為“索非亞在筆記本中寫下了她的經(jīng)歷”。利用題干中的名詞Sophia, experiences, notebooks作為定位線索，在第一段找到相關(guān)句：Knowing our journey was ending,Daniel and I（指Sophia)just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I（指Sophia)used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth，相關(guān)句提到“為了記住我們所看見的一切和我們所做的一切，我（索非亞）用文字進(jìn)行記錄，而且已經(jīng)寫完了第三本筆記本，將開始寫第四本”。由此可見題干陳述的意思與短文 相關(guān)內(nèi)容一致。所以答案為A。
題干意為“丹尼爾拍了些尼羅河的照片”。利用題干中的名詞及名詞短語 Daniel , photos , the Nile Rive作為定位線索，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)“尼羅河”一詞在短文中根本沒有出現(xiàn)，因此“尼羅河”是短文中沒有提及的信息。而且短文只在第一段提到丹尼爾用照相機(jī)記錄他在 非洲的所見所聞，沒有具體提到他用相機(jī)拍攝了什么，因此丹尼爾是否用相機(jī)拍攝了尼羅河的 照片是短文中未提及的信息。所以答案為C。
題干意為“丹尼爾和索非亞看到了很多精彩的東西”。利用題干中的名 詞及名詞短語Daniel, Sophia, a lot of wonderful things作為定位線索，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)第二段和第三段主要講述他們?cè)诜侵蘅吹搅撕芏嗑实臇|西（咆哮的維多利亞瀑布等）。因此題干陳述的意義與短文中的相關(guān)意義一致。所以答案為A。題干其實(shí)就是對(duì)短文中相關(guān) 內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)。 提示：有的題干句是一個(gè)概括句，是對(duì)短文中相關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)。
題干意為“在駕車途中，丹尼爾和索非亞看到了野馬”。利用題干中的名詞 及名詞短語Daniel, Sophia, wild horses作為定位線索，這樣找到相關(guān)句：When Daniel wokeup an hour later I（指Sophia)told him what had happened.”Wild horses?”he said.”Why didn't you wake me up,Sophia?”，相關(guān)句提到“一個(gè)小時(shí)后當(dāng)?shù)つ釥栃堰^來的時(shí)候我告訴了他所發(fā)生的事情。他說‘野馬？你為什么沒有叫醒我呢？”，這表明丹尼爾沒有看到野馬，因此題干陳述的信息與短文相關(guān)信息不一致。所以答案為B。
題干意為“那些馬沒有靠近汽車”。利用題干中的名詞horses, car作為定位 線索，這樣找到相關(guān)句：And as I drove（與car呼應(yīng)）,something caught my eye, something moving close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath（與horses呼應(yīng)），相關(guān)句意為 “在我開車的途中，有什么東西引起了我的注意，這個(gè)東西離我們很近，以至于我都能感受到它們（野馬）呼出的熱氣”。由此可見那些野馬曾經(jīng)靠近過索非亞駕駛的汽車，因此題干陳述的意義與短文中的相關(guān)內(nèi)容不一致。所以答案為B。
題干意為“索非亞喚醒了丹尼爾以便他能拍下那些野馬的照片”。在解答第五題時(shí)曾經(jīng)了解到這樣的信息：一個(gè)小時(shí)后當(dāng)?shù)つ釥栃堰^來的時(shí)候我（索非亞）告訴了他所發(fā)生的事情。這說明丹尼爾是自己醒過來的，而不是被索非亞叫醒的?？梢婎}干陳述的信息與短文中的相關(guān)信息不一致。所以答案為B。
共用題干
Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor
The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.
Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.
According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.
“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.
He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.
Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.
However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.
About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.
However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.
Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.
“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”
Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.
Other experts agreed with him.
“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”
His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.
The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.
What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?
A: Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.
B: Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men.
C: Patients with lung cancer become older,especially males.
D: Patients with lung cancer become younger,especially females.
Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor
The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.
Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.
According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.
“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.
He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.
Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.
However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.
About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.
However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.
Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.
“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”
Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.
Other experts agreed with him.
“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”
His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.
The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.
What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?
A: Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.
B: Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men.
C: Patients with lung cancer become older,especially males.
D: Patients with lung cancer become younger,especially females.
本題答案：
D解析：題干意為“研究者總結(jié)出的一種肺癌的新趨勢(shì)是什么？”利用題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞/短語a new tendency, lung cancer, researchers作為定位線索，在短文第二段中找到 相關(guān)句：Doctors（與researchers呼應(yīng)）announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger , especially women．第二段提到 “醫(yī)生們昨天宣布這一結(jié)果，并對(duì)肺癌患病的一些新趨勢(shì)做出了分析。他們認(rèn)為病人越來越年輕化，尤其是女性患者”。由此可知D項(xiàng)“肺癌患者越來越年輕化，尤其是女性患者”。
題干意為“下面哪種疾病在上海居民中最常見？”利用題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞/短語local residents , Shanghai作為定位線索，同時(shí)關(guān)注題干中的修飾短語the most common 在短文中的出現(xiàn)情況，這樣在短文第三段中找到相關(guān)句：According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Fol-lowing breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate．定位線索詞集中出現(xiàn)在第三段 中，該段提到“依據(jù)上海腫瘤研究所統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示，上海死于肺癌的居民多于死于其他疾病的人。 肺癌排在乳腺癌之后，為第二高發(fā)病率的疾病”，可見乳腺癌是上海本地居民中最常見的疾病。因此答案為B項(xiàng)“乳腺癌”。
題干意為“大多數(shù)長(zhǎng)期與廚房油煙接觸的婦女可能會(huì)訴說什么癥狀？”利 用題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞/短語symptoms , most women , lung cancer , long term close contact作為定位線索，在第七段中找到相關(guān)句：However, more than 60 percent of women（與most women呼應(yīng)）with the disease had long term close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat．相關(guān)句意為“然而，60%以上患肺癌的女性都長(zhǎng)期接觸廚房油煙并訴說眼睛和喉嚨疼痛難受”，因此答案為A項(xiàng)“眼睛和喉呢疼痛難受”。
題干意為“當(dāng)?shù)貗D女了解到廚房油煙會(huì)導(dǎo)致癌癥時(shí)，她們的反應(yīng)是什么？”利用題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞/短語local women's reaction,cancer作為定位線索，在第九段中找 到相關(guān)句：However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods．第九段提到“但是，當(dāng)婦女們 知道廚房油煙可以致癌時(shí)都很驚訝，其中一些人表示要改變烹飪方法”。由此判斷答案為B 項(xiàng)“吃驚的”。
題干意為“下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容與女性肺癌的關(guān)聯(lián)性很??？”利用題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞/短語relatively little connection,women's lung cancer作為定位線索，這樣在倒數(shù)第五段中找到相關(guān)句：Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to（與 relatively little connection呼應(yīng)）personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems．該段意為“醫(yī)生們認(rèn)為， 女性患肺癌和個(gè)人健康及身體狀況聯(lián)系極少，但是和腫瘤家族病史，不健康的飲食習(xí)慣和脆 弱的免疫系統(tǒng)聯(lián)系緊密”。由此可知答案為D項(xiàng)“個(gè)人健康及身體狀況”。
查看試題
D解析：題干意為“研究者總結(jié)出的一種肺癌的新趨勢(shì)是什么？”利用題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞/短語a new tendency, lung cancer, researchers作為定位線索，在短文第二段中找到 相關(guān)句：Doctors（與researchers呼應(yīng)）announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger , especially women．第二段提到 “醫(yī)生們昨天宣布這一結(jié)果，并對(duì)肺癌患病的一些新趨勢(shì)做出了分析。他們認(rèn)為病人越來越年輕化，尤其是女性患者”。由此可知D項(xiàng)“肺癌患者越來越年輕化，尤其是女性患者”。
題干意為“下面哪種疾病在上海居民中最常見？”利用題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞/短語local residents , Shanghai作為定位線索，同時(shí)關(guān)注題干中的修飾短語the most common 在短文中的出現(xiàn)情況，這樣在短文第三段中找到相關(guān)句：According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Fol-lowing breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate．定位線索詞集中出現(xiàn)在第三段 中，該段提到“依據(jù)上海腫瘤研究所統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示，上海死于肺癌的居民多于死于其他疾病的人。 肺癌排在乳腺癌之后，為第二高發(fā)病率的疾病”，可見乳腺癌是上海本地居民中最常見的疾病。因此答案為B項(xiàng)“乳腺癌”。
題干意為“大多數(shù)長(zhǎng)期與廚房油煙接觸的婦女可能會(huì)訴說什么癥狀？”利 用題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞/短語symptoms , most women , lung cancer , long term close contact作為定位線索，在第七段中找到相關(guān)句：However, more than 60 percent of women（與most women呼應(yīng)）with the disease had long term close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat．相關(guān)句意為“然而，60%以上患肺癌的女性都長(zhǎng)期接觸廚房油煙并訴說眼睛和喉嚨疼痛難受”，因此答案為A項(xiàng)“眼睛和喉呢疼痛難受”。
題干意為“當(dāng)?shù)貗D女了解到廚房油煙會(huì)導(dǎo)致癌癥時(shí)，她們的反應(yīng)是什么？”利用題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞/短語local women's reaction,cancer作為定位線索，在第九段中找 到相關(guān)句：However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods．第九段提到“但是，當(dāng)婦女們 知道廚房油煙可以致癌時(shí)都很驚訝，其中一些人表示要改變烹飪方法”。由此判斷答案為B 項(xiàng)“吃驚的”。
題干意為“下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容與女性肺癌的關(guān)聯(lián)性很??？”利用題干中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞/短語relatively little connection,women's lung cancer作為定位線索，這樣在倒數(shù)第五段中找到相關(guān)句：Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to（與 relatively little connection呼應(yīng)）personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems．該段意為“醫(yī)生們認(rèn)為， 女性患肺癌和個(gè)人健康及身體狀況聯(lián)系極少，但是和腫瘤家族病史，不健康的飲食習(xí)慣和脆 弱的免疫系統(tǒng)聯(lián)系緊密”。由此可知答案為D項(xiàng)“個(gè)人健康及身體狀況”。
共用題干
Music Used as a Healing Therapy
1 .Music has long been used to treat patients suffering from different problems.In 400 BC,its healing properties were documented by the ancient Greeks. More recently,in both world wars in the last century, medical workers used music therapy（療法）with people suf-fering from trauma（外傷）.Currently, it is used as a treatment for many diseases, such as cancer,and it has also been used with patients with long-term pain and learning disabilities.
2 .There is growing evidence that music can caused physical changes to the body which can im-prove our health. In the Welcome Trust study,which took place over three years at the Chelsea and Westminster hospital in London,patients were asked to listen to musical perform-ances. As a result,it was found that stress levels were significantly reduced,recovery times were improved,and fewer drugs were needed.
3. These very positive results are partly due to general well-being（良好的健康狀況）.It is already accepted that when people feel happy and have a positive approach to life,they are more likely to feel better and recover from disease quickly. Music increases this feeling of joy and adds to the recovery process.
4 .However,not all these benefits can be attributed to an increase in general well-being. Music has other effects which have not yet been understood. According to Professor Robert-son,a scientist and musician,some effects of music are mysterious and are,therefore,being investigated further. It has been suggested that the sounds and rhythms of music help stimu-late the brain and send electrical messages to the muscles.
5 .Science,however,demands facts and hard evidence. Many in the medical profession have not yet recognized the healing benefits of music,since reports have been based mainly on various stories of evidence. These new studies could provide proof to doctors that music is a suitable treatment for many conditions. One day doctors may even “prescribe”（開處方） music,but that could be a long time in the future.
Paragraph 4______
A: Potential Dangers of Music Therapy
B: Increase in General WellBeing
C: History of Music Therapy
D: Other Mysterious Effects of Music
E: Positive Physical Changes Caused by Music
F: Music and Your Body
Music Used as a Healing Therapy
1 .Music has long been used to treat patients suffering from different problems.In 400 BC,its healing properties were documented by the ancient Greeks. More recently,in both world wars in the last century, medical workers used music therapy（療法）with people suf-fering from trauma（外傷）.Currently, it is used as a treatment for many diseases, such as cancer,and it has also been used with patients with long-term pain and learning disabilities.
2 .There is growing evidence that music can caused physical changes to the body which can im-prove our health. In the Welcome Trust study,which took place over three years at the Chelsea and Westminster hospital in London,patients were asked to listen to musical perform-ances. As a result,it was found that stress levels were significantly reduced,recovery times were improved,and fewer drugs were needed.
3. These very positive results are partly due to general well-being（良好的健康狀況）.It is already accepted that when people feel happy and have a positive approach to life,they are more likely to feel better and recover from disease quickly. Music increases this feeling of joy and adds to the recovery process.
4 .However,not all these benefits can be attributed to an increase in general well-being. Music has other effects which have not yet been understood. According to Professor Robert-son,a scientist and musician,some effects of music are mysterious and are,therefore,being investigated further. It has been suggested that the sounds and rhythms of music help stimu-late the brain and send electrical messages to the muscles.
5 .Science,however,demands facts and hard evidence. Many in the medical profession have not yet recognized the healing benefits of music,since reports have been based mainly on various stories of evidence. These new studies could provide proof to doctors that music is a suitable treatment for many conditions. One day doctors may even “prescribe”（開處方） music,but that could be a long time in the future.
Paragraph 4______
A: Potential Dangers of Music Therapy
B: Increase in General WellBeing
C: History of Music Therapy
D: Other Mysterious Effects of Music
E: Positive Physical Changes Caused by Music
F: Music and Your Body
本題答案：
D解析：文章第一段第一句是主題句，意為：長(zhǎng)期以來，音樂都被用于治療不同疾病 的患者。C項(xiàng)History of music therapy（音樂療法的歷史）與主題句意思相符，故選C。
文章第二段第一句是主題句，意為：越來越多的證據(jù)表明，音樂能引起一些 身體變化，這些變化可以改善我們的健康狀況。E項(xiàng)Positive Physical Changes Caused by Music（音樂引起的積極的身體變化）與主題句意思相符，故選E。
文章第三段主要講這些正面結(jié)果的部分原因來自于總體幸福感。當(dāng)人們感到高興并且生活態(tài)度積極時(shí)，人們自身的感覺會(huì)更好，并且能很快地從疾病中恢復(fù)過來，而音 樂能增加這樣的愉悅感。B項(xiàng)Increase in General Well-Being（提高總體幸福感）符合本段主題，故選B。
文章第四段主要講，音樂療法的益處并不都來自于幸福感的提升，音樂的其他作用到現(xiàn)在還沒有被弄明白，羅伯森教授說，音樂的一些作用是很神秘的。D項(xiàng)Other Mysterious Effects of Music（音樂的其他神秘作用）符合本段主題，故選D。
題干意為“研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)病人收聽音樂表演的時(shí)候，他們的壓力水平會(huì)下降?！蔽恼碌诙巫詈笠痪渲赋觯∪说膲毫λ矫黠@減低，恢復(fù)的時(shí)間縮短，需要的藥物減少。E項(xiàng)listen to musical performances（收聽音樂表演）與原句意思相符，故選E。
題干意為“音樂能夠治療患者的部分原因是因?yàn)樗芴岣呖傮w幸福感。”文章第三段第一句指出，這些正面結(jié)果的部分原因來自于總體幸福感。最后一句指出，音樂能增強(qiáng)人的愉悅感，加快恢復(fù)進(jìn)度。D項(xiàng)it improves general well-being（它能提高總體幸福感）與原句意思相符，故選D。
題干意為“那些總是看到生活中積極一面的人更有可能從疾病中很快地恢復(fù)過來?！蔽恼碌谌蔚诙渲赋?，當(dāng)人們感到高興以及生活態(tài)度積極時(shí)，人們自身的感覺會(huì)更好，并且能很快地從疾病中恢復(fù)過來，A項(xiàng)recover from disease quickly（從疾病中快速地恢復(fù)過來）與原句意思相符，故選A。
題干意為“很多醫(yī)生不相信音樂可以治療疾病是因?yàn)闆]有真憑實(shí)據(jù)?！蔽恼碌谖宥吻皟删渲赋?，然而科學(xué)需要真憑實(shí)據(jù)，醫(yī)學(xué)界的很多人并不認(rèn)可音樂的治療作用，因?yàn)橄嚓P(guān)報(bào)告主要是基于各種不同的故事。B項(xiàng)there is not enough hard evidence（沒有真憑實(shí)據(jù)）與原句意思相符，故選B。
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D解析：文章第一段第一句是主題句，意為：長(zhǎng)期以來，音樂都被用于治療不同疾病 的患者。C項(xiàng)History of music therapy（音樂療法的歷史）與主題句意思相符，故選C。
文章第二段第一句是主題句，意為：越來越多的證據(jù)表明，音樂能引起一些 身體變化，這些變化可以改善我們的健康狀況。E項(xiàng)Positive Physical Changes Caused by Music（音樂引起的積極的身體變化）與主題句意思相符，故選E。
文章第三段主要講這些正面結(jié)果的部分原因來自于總體幸福感。當(dāng)人們感到高興并且生活態(tài)度積極時(shí)，人們自身的感覺會(huì)更好，并且能很快地從疾病中恢復(fù)過來，而音 樂能增加這樣的愉悅感。B項(xiàng)Increase in General Well-Being（提高總體幸福感）符合本段主題，故選B。
文章第四段主要講，音樂療法的益處并不都來自于幸福感的提升，音樂的其他作用到現(xiàn)在還沒有被弄明白，羅伯森教授說，音樂的一些作用是很神秘的。D項(xiàng)Other Mysterious Effects of Music（音樂的其他神秘作用）符合本段主題，故選D。
題干意為“研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)病人收聽音樂表演的時(shí)候，他們的壓力水平會(huì)下降?！蔽恼碌诙巫詈笠痪渲赋觯∪说膲毫λ矫黠@減低，恢復(fù)的時(shí)間縮短，需要的藥物減少。E項(xiàng)listen to musical performances（收聽音樂表演）與原句意思相符，故選E。
題干意為“音樂能夠治療患者的部分原因是因?yàn)樗芴岣呖傮w幸福感。”文章第三段第一句指出，這些正面結(jié)果的部分原因來自于總體幸福感。最后一句指出，音樂能增強(qiáng)人的愉悅感，加快恢復(fù)進(jìn)度。D項(xiàng)it improves general well-being（它能提高總體幸福感）與原句意思相符，故選D。
題干意為“那些總是看到生活中積極一面的人更有可能從疾病中很快地恢復(fù)過來?！蔽恼碌谌蔚诙渲赋?，當(dāng)人們感到高興以及生活態(tài)度積極時(shí)，人們自身的感覺會(huì)更好，并且能很快地從疾病中恢復(fù)過來，A項(xiàng)recover from disease quickly（從疾病中快速地恢復(fù)過來）與原句意思相符，故選A。
題干意為“很多醫(yī)生不相信音樂可以治療疾病是因?yàn)闆]有真憑實(shí)據(jù)?！蔽恼碌谖宥吻皟删渲赋?，然而科學(xué)需要真憑實(shí)據(jù)，醫(yī)學(xué)界的很多人并不認(rèn)可音樂的治療作用，因?yàn)橄嚓P(guān)報(bào)告主要是基于各種不同的故事。B項(xiàng)there is not enough hard evidence（沒有真憑實(shí)據(jù)）與原句意思相符，故選B。
共用題干
Sharks Perform a Service for Earth's Waters
It is hard to get people to think of sharks as anything but a deadly enemy. They are thought to1people frequently. But these fish perform a2service for earth's waters and for human beings. Yet business and sport fishing are threatening their3.Some sharks are at risk of disappearing from4.
Warm weather may influence both fish and shark activity. Many fish swim near coastal areas5their warm waters. Experts say sharks may follow the fish into the same areas,6people also swim. In fact,most sharks do not purposely charge at or bite humans. They are thought to mistake a person7a sea animal,such as a seal or sea lion. That is why people should not swim in the ocean when the sun goes down or comes up.Those are the8 when sharks are looking for food. Experts also say that bright colors and shiny jewelry may cause sharks to attack.
A shark has an extremely good sense of smell. It can find small amounts of substances in wa-ter,such as blood,body liquids and9 produced by animals. These powerful10help sharks find their food. Sharks eat fish,any11sharks,and plants that live in the ocean.
Medical researchers want to learn more about the shark's body defense,and immune 12against disease. Researchers know that sharks13quickly from injuries. They study the shark in hopes of finding a way to fight human disease.
Sharks are important for the world's14.They eat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too15．This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans.
9._________
A: sciences
B: mathematics
C: chemicals
D: physics
Sharks Perform a Service for Earth's Waters
It is hard to get people to think of sharks as anything but a deadly enemy. They are thought to1people frequently. But these fish perform a2service for earth's waters and for human beings. Yet business and sport fishing are threatening their3.Some sharks are at risk of disappearing from4.
Warm weather may influence both fish and shark activity. Many fish swim near coastal areas5their warm waters. Experts say sharks may follow the fish into the same areas,6people also swim. In fact,most sharks do not purposely charge at or bite humans. They are thought to mistake a person7a sea animal,such as a seal or sea lion. That is why people should not swim in the ocean when the sun goes down or comes up.Those are the8 when sharks are looking for food. Experts also say that bright colors and shiny jewelry may cause sharks to attack.
A shark has an extremely good sense of smell. It can find small amounts of substances in wa-ter,such as blood,body liquids and9 produced by animals. These powerful10help sharks find their food. Sharks eat fish,any11sharks,and plants that live in the ocean.
Medical researchers want to learn more about the shark's body defense,and immune 12against disease. Researchers know that sharks13quickly from injuries. They study the shark in hopes of finding a way to fight human disease.
Sharks are important for the world's14.They eat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too15．This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans.
9._________
A: sciences
B: mathematics
C: chemicals
D: physics
本題答案：
C解析：本題應(yīng)選擇attack，因?yàn)榈谝痪涮岬剑喝藗冋J(rèn)為鯊魚是a deadly enemy，也就是說些魚會(huì)對(duì)人類造成傷害。第二句是對(duì)deadly enemy的具體說明。其他的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)meet , love , visit 都不合適，love與上下文意思相反，meet和visit與上下文意思不符。所以答案為A。
空格2所在的句子由but連接，所以該句子表達(dá)的意思一定與第二句相反。第二句對(duì)置魚的評(píng)價(jià)是負(fù)面的，填入空格2的詞應(yīng)該是正面的。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)valua- ble符合這一條件，所以C項(xiàng)是答案。
第三句提到笠魚有益于waters and human beings，第五句又提到鯊魚瀕臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)上下文的意思，threatening“威脅”到它們的應(yīng)該是existence“生存”。其他的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)source , friends , fish都不合適，與上下文意思沒有聯(lián)系。所以答案為B。
如果置魚消失，從什么地方消失呢？ 當(dāng)然從earth“地球”上消失。從space “宇宙空間”、sky“天空”中消失，或從1and“ 陸地”上消失，都有悖常理。所以答案為D。
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思都是“因?yàn)椤保菑挠梅ㄉ戏治?，because、 since和by rea- son that之后要接句子，because of之后接名詞或名詞短語。their warm waters是名詞短語，所以要選用C項(xiàng)because of。
... people also swim明顯是定語從句，其先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞area，所以要選關(guān)系副詞where。所以答案為D。
從上下文判斷，本句的意思是：置魚將人錯(cuò)認(rèn)為是海洋動(dòng)物。而“將……錯(cuò)認(rèn)為是”的英語表達(dá)是mistake...for，所以本題的答案是B項(xiàng)。
本段的意思是：置魚并非故意襲擊人類。人們認(rèn)為，由于置魚將人錯(cuò)認(rèn)為是海獅等海洋動(dòng)物，在饑俄時(shí)才襲擊人類。日出和日落時(shí)，正是鰲魚饑腸轆轆的時(shí)候，人們不應(yīng)該出海游泳。空格8填入的詞應(yīng)該與時(shí)間有關(guān)，所以times是答案，而與地點(diǎn)有關(guān)的選項(xiàng) places , seas , oceans與上下文意思脫節(jié)。所以答案為A。
本段第一、二句提到置魚的嗅覺特別靈敏，能嗅到海水中存在的極為微量的氣味。作者舉了三個(gè)物質(zhì)：血、體液和化學(xué)品?？崭?要填入表示物質(zhì)的名詞。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中唯一表達(dá)物質(zhì)的詞是chemicals“化學(xué)品”。所以C項(xiàng)chemicals是答案，而其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)與學(xué)科有關(guān)，脫離了上下文的意思，不是本題的答案。
在第一、二句意思的基礎(chǔ)上，作者進(jìn)一步說明，靈敏的嗅覺有助于鯊魚找到食物。所以本題的答案是D項(xiàng)senses，因?yàn)閒eelings , touches和tastes都與smells無關(guān)。
本句的中心詞是復(fù)數(shù)的sharks , another所修飾的名詞一般是單數(shù)，所以不會(huì)是答案。these和those是表特指的代詞，指代前面出現(xiàn)過的名詞。由于前面沒有先行詞，所以也不可能是答案。剩下的other是答案，any other sharks的說法也合乎英語的用法。所以答案為D。
從上下文判斷，醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員想要更多了解的是“身體抗病system（系統(tǒng)）”，不會(huì)是“身體抗病idea（思想）”、“身體杭病工作（work)”或“身體杭病circle（周期）”。所以答案為A。
本段最后一句意為：醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員研究置魚的目的是為了找到一種人類抗病的方法。所以空格13所在句子的意思應(yīng)該是recover (quickly from injuries)?？茖W(xué)家想要探究的應(yīng)該是有關(guān)受傷鯊魚recover quickly from injuries的原因，而reform“改造”' return“回歸”和rely“依靠”只是與答案recover詞形上有點(diǎn)相似而已，其意思與上下文的意思風(fēng)馬牛不相及。所以答案為A。
從上下文判斷，置魚的存在能使oceans得益。置魚不生活在rivers、 forests 或mountains中，所以這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不合適。因此答案為B。
本段的其余三句都是說明為什么置魚有益于海洋。它們吃海洋動(dòng)物，結(jié)果使得海洋中的動(dòng)物數(shù)量不會(huì)過多。weak、 little、 few都與上面表達(dá)的意思相反，所以只有D項(xiàng) great是答案。
查看試題
C解析：本題應(yīng)選擇attack，因?yàn)榈谝痪涮岬剑喝藗冋J(rèn)為鯊魚是a deadly enemy，也就是說些魚會(huì)對(duì)人類造成傷害。第二句是對(duì)deadly enemy的具體說明。其他的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)meet , love , visit 都不合適，love與上下文意思相反，meet和visit與上下文意思不符。所以答案為A。
空格2所在的句子由but連接，所以該句子表達(dá)的意思一定與第二句相反。第二句對(duì)置魚的評(píng)價(jià)是負(fù)面的，填入空格2的詞應(yīng)該是正面的。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)valua- ble符合這一條件，所以C項(xiàng)是答案。
第三句提到笠魚有益于waters and human beings，第五句又提到鯊魚瀕臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)上下文的意思，threatening“威脅”到它們的應(yīng)該是existence“生存”。其他的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)source , friends , fish都不合適，與上下文意思沒有聯(lián)系。所以答案為B。
如果置魚消失，從什么地方消失呢？ 當(dāng)然從earth“地球”上消失。從space “宇宙空間”、sky“天空”中消失，或從1and“ 陸地”上消失，都有悖常理。所以答案為D。
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思都是“因?yàn)椤保菑挠梅ㄉ戏治?，because、 since和by rea- son that之后要接句子，because of之后接名詞或名詞短語。their warm waters是名詞短語，所以要選用C項(xiàng)because of。
... people also swim明顯是定語從句，其先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞area，所以要選關(guān)系副詞where。所以答案為D。
從上下文判斷，本句的意思是：置魚將人錯(cuò)認(rèn)為是海洋動(dòng)物。而“將……錯(cuò)認(rèn)為是”的英語表達(dá)是mistake...for，所以本題的答案是B項(xiàng)。
本段的意思是：置魚并非故意襲擊人類。人們認(rèn)為，由于置魚將人錯(cuò)認(rèn)為是海獅等海洋動(dòng)物，在饑俄時(shí)才襲擊人類。日出和日落時(shí)，正是鰲魚饑腸轆轆的時(shí)候，人們不應(yīng)該出海游泳。空格8填入的詞應(yīng)該與時(shí)間有關(guān)，所以times是答案，而與地點(diǎn)有關(guān)的選項(xiàng) places , seas , oceans與上下文意思脫節(jié)。所以答案為A。
本段第一、二句提到置魚的嗅覺特別靈敏，能嗅到海水中存在的極為微量的氣味。作者舉了三個(gè)物質(zhì)：血、體液和化學(xué)品?？崭?要填入表示物質(zhì)的名詞。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中唯一表達(dá)物質(zhì)的詞是chemicals“化學(xué)品”。所以C項(xiàng)chemicals是答案，而其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)與學(xué)科有關(guān)，脫離了上下文的意思，不是本題的答案。
在第一、二句意思的基礎(chǔ)上，作者進(jìn)一步說明，靈敏的嗅覺有助于鯊魚找到食物。所以本題的答案是D項(xiàng)senses，因?yàn)閒eelings , touches和tastes都與smells無關(guān)。
本句的中心詞是復(fù)數(shù)的sharks , another所修飾的名詞一般是單數(shù)，所以不會(huì)是答案。these和those是表特指的代詞，指代前面出現(xiàn)過的名詞。由于前面沒有先行詞，所以也不可能是答案。剩下的other是答案，any other sharks的說法也合乎英語的用法。所以答案為D。
從上下文判斷，醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員想要更多了解的是“身體抗病system（系統(tǒng)）”，不會(huì)是“身體抗病idea（思想）”、“身體杭病工作（work)”或“身體杭病circle（周期）”。所以答案為A。
本段最后一句意為：醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員研究置魚的目的是為了找到一種人類抗病的方法。所以空格13所在句子的意思應(yīng)該是recover (quickly from injuries)?？茖W(xué)家想要探究的應(yīng)該是有關(guān)受傷鯊魚recover quickly from injuries的原因，而reform“改造”' return“回歸”和rely“依靠”只是與答案recover詞形上有點(diǎn)相似而已，其意思與上下文的意思風(fēng)馬牛不相及。所以答案為A。
從上下文判斷，置魚的存在能使oceans得益。置魚不生活在rivers、 forests 或mountains中，所以這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不合適。因此答案為B。
本段的其余三句都是說明為什么置魚有益于海洋。它們吃海洋動(dòng)物，結(jié)果使得海洋中的動(dòng)物數(shù)量不會(huì)過多。weak、 little、 few都與上面表達(dá)的意思相反，所以只有D項(xiàng) great是答案。
The dentist has decided to extract your bad tooth.
A:take out
B:repair
C:pull
D:dig
A:take out
B:repair
C:pull
D:dig
本題答案：
A解析：本題考查的是對(duì)動(dòng)詞的認(rèn)知。這句話的意思是：牙醫(yī)決定拔掉你的壞牙。 extract的意思是拔出，例如：He tried to extract his pole from the mud．他試圖用力將桿子從泥中拔出來。選項(xiàng)A take out取出、拔出，例如：How many teeth did the dentist take out？ 牙科醫(yī)生給患者拔了幾顆牙？選項(xiàng)B repair修理。選項(xiàng)C pull拉，但只有pull out才能表示拔出。選項(xiàng)D dig挖掘。extract和take out意思最接近，所以選A。
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A解析：本題考查的是對(duì)動(dòng)詞的認(rèn)知。這句話的意思是：牙醫(yī)決定拔掉你的壞牙。 extract的意思是拔出，例如：He tried to extract his pole from the mud．他試圖用力將桿子從泥中拔出來。選項(xiàng)A take out取出、拔出，例如：How many teeth did the dentist take out？ 牙科醫(yī)生給患者拔了幾顆牙？選項(xiàng)B repair修理。選項(xiàng)C pull拉，但只有pull out才能表示拔出。選項(xiàng)D dig挖掘。extract和take out意思最接近，所以選A。
The research team needs to confer with the director before it begins its final report.
A:argue
B:debate
C:compute
D:consult
A:argue
B:debate
C:compute
D:consult
本題答案：
D解析：本句意思：在開始進(jìn)行最后的工作匯報(bào)之前，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)需要跟主管協(xié)商。argue的意思 為“爭(zhēng)論，辯論”;debat。的意思為“辯論，爭(zhēng)論，討論”;compute的意思為“計(jì)算，估算”;consult 的意思為“請(qǐng)教，商議”。confer的意思為“協(xié)商”，和consult的意思接近。
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D解析：本句意思：在開始進(jìn)行最后的工作匯報(bào)之前，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)需要跟主管協(xié)商。argue的意思 為“爭(zhēng)論，辯論”;debat。的意思為“辯論，爭(zhēng)論，討論”;compute的意思為“計(jì)算，估算”;consult 的意思為“請(qǐng)教，商議”。confer的意思為“協(xié)商”，和consult的意思接近。
共用題干
So Many"Earths"
The Milky Way（銀河）contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life.That's the finding of a new study.It draws on data that came from NASA's top planet-hunting telescope.
A mechanical failure recently put that Kepler space telescope out of service.Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars.Its data have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy.The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.
The authors of a study,published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars,with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun,may host a planet that could support life as we know it.Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth's,but no more than twice that big.The planet also would have to orbit in a star's habitable zone.That's where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as a liquid.
The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them.The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate（推算） to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see.
The estimate is rough,the authors admit.If applied to the solar system,it would define as habitable a zone starting as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars.Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant past).Using tighter limits,the researchers estimate that between 4 and 8 out of every 100 sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world.These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.
Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn't sound like a big number.It would mean,however,that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a chance for life.
The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
So Many"Earths"
The Milky Way（銀河）contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life.That's the finding of a new study.It draws on data that came from NASA's top planet-hunting telescope.
A mechanical failure recently put that Kepler space telescope out of service.Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars.Its data have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy.The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.
The authors of a study,published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars,with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun,may host a planet that could support life as we know it.Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth's,but no more than twice that big.The planet also would have to orbit in a star's habitable zone.That's where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as a liquid.
The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them.The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate（推算） to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see.
The estimate is rough,the authors admit.If applied to the solar system,it would define as habitable a zone starting as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars.Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant past).Using tighter limits,the researchers estimate that between 4 and 8 out of every 100 sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world.These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.
Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn't sound like a big number.It would mean,however,that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a chance for life.
The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
本題答案：
C解析：第二段第一句表明，近來的機(jī)械故障使開普勒太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡不再為我們服務(wù)，通篇并沒有提到開普勒太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡為我們服務(wù)了多少年，所以選擇C項(xiàng)。
第二段最后一句表明，開普勒太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡主要關(guān)注與地球有相似環(huán)境的星球，所以選擇A項(xiàng)。
第三段第二句表明，可以讓生命存在的星球的直徑至少要和地球的直徑一樣大，但不會(huì)超過地球直徑的兩倍。由此不難推斷出其應(yīng)該不比地球小，所以選擇B項(xiàng)。
第三段第三、四句表明，適合人類居住的星球必須與它所環(huán)繞的恒星有一個(gè)適于居住的距離，以保證星球表面的溫度能夠允許液態(tài)水的存在。地球不僅適合人類居住，而且還繞著太陽運(yùn)行。由此可知，題干表述正確。
第四段第一句表明，該項(xiàng)新評(píng)估源于對(duì)超過4.2萬顆星球的分析，而非源于對(duì)17萬顆星球的分析，所以選擇B項(xiàng)。
第五段第一句表明，研究人員承認(rèn)這項(xiàng)評(píng)估是粗糙的，即不精確的，所以選擇A項(xiàng)。
文章第一段指出，這次的調(diào)查結(jié)果是新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，但通篇文章并未提到這是對(duì)可能有生命存在的星球的首次研究。
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C解析：第二段第一句表明，近來的機(jī)械故障使開普勒太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡不再為我們服務(wù)，通篇并沒有提到開普勒太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡為我們服務(wù)了多少年，所以選擇C項(xiàng)。
第二段最后一句表明，開普勒太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡主要關(guān)注與地球有相似環(huán)境的星球，所以選擇A項(xiàng)。
第三段第二句表明，可以讓生命存在的星球的直徑至少要和地球的直徑一樣大，但不會(huì)超過地球直徑的兩倍。由此不難推斷出其應(yīng)該不比地球小，所以選擇B項(xiàng)。
第三段第三、四句表明，適合人類居住的星球必須與它所環(huán)繞的恒星有一個(gè)適于居住的距離，以保證星球表面的溫度能夠允許液態(tài)水的存在。地球不僅適合人類居住，而且還繞著太陽運(yùn)行。由此可知，題干表述正確。
第四段第一句表明，該項(xiàng)新評(píng)估源于對(duì)超過4.2萬顆星球的分析，而非源于對(duì)17萬顆星球的分析，所以選擇B項(xiàng)。
第五段第一句表明，研究人員承認(rèn)這項(xiàng)評(píng)估是粗糙的，即不精確的，所以選擇A項(xiàng)。
文章第一段指出，這次的調(diào)查結(jié)果是新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，但通篇文章并未提到這是對(duì)可能有生命存在的星球的首次研究。